The random access memory (RAM) can also fail in an intermittent way, particularly if it gets hot. Because the values RAM stores get corrupted unpredictably, it causes random system crashes. The central processing unit (CPU) can also be the source of crashes due to excessive heat. The (often loud) fans on most common computers are there to prevent this type of crash, though they may eventually fail. The fans that bring cooling air into the case also carry dirt and dust inside. This dirt can accumulate and cause intermittent short circuits as the dirt blows around. Fortunately, compressed air or a vacuum cleaner easily gets rid of the dirt. ![]() ![]() Still other hardware problems that can cause crashes are trickier to identify and require software tests or sequential replacement of components. ![]() More permanent faults happen with errors on a computer's disk. Each disk stores information in units named sectors. Most new disks come with bad sectors that occur in the manufacturing process and are marked at the factory.
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